Periodontal Disease

The word periodontal means “around the tooth”. Periodontal disease is a progressive disease which, if left untreated, may result in tooth loss. Periodontal disease begins with inflammation and irritation of the gingival tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. This inflammation is the body's response to plaque-associated bacteria that produce toxins that can lead to the degradation of the bone supporting the teeth, which may lead to deep pockets forming between the teeth and the gums.

If treated promptly by a periodontist, the effects of mild inflammation (gingivitis) are reversible.  However, if allowed to progress,  periodontal begins to destroy the gums and the underlying bone.  In some cases, the bacteria associated with periodontal disease can travel to other areas of the body via the bloodstream.

If plaque is not removed, it turns into calculus (tartar). When plaque and calculus are not removed, they begin to destroy the gums and bone.

Four out of five people have periodontal disease and don’t know it! Most people are not aware of it because the disease is usually painless in the early stages.

Not only is it the number one reason for tooth loss, but research suggests that there may be a link between periodontal disease and other health conditions such as stroke, bacterial pneumonia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and increased risk during pregnancy. Researchers are determining if inflammation and bacteria associated with periodontal disease affects these systemic diseases and conditions.  Smoking also increases the risk of periodontal disease.

Good oral hygiene, a balanced diet, and regular dental visits can help reduce your risk of developing periodontal disease.

Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease:

• Bleeding gums – Gums should never bleed, even when you brush vigorously or use dental floss.

• Loose teeth – Also caused by bone loss or weakened periodontal fibers (fibers that support the tooth to the bone).

• New spacing between teeth – Caused by bone loss.

• Persistent bad breath – Caused by bacteria in the mouth.

• Pus around the teeth and gums – Sign that there is an infection present.

• Receding gums – Loss of gum around a tooth.

• Red and puffy gums – Gums should never be red or swollen.

• Tenderness or Discomfort – Plaque, calculus, and bacteria irritate the gums and teeth.

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